Kungani kufanele sisebenzise izibhakabhaka zesikhashana ukuthenga izintshonaliso?

Izisiphumo zokugcina isibindi zezibhakabhaka zokuchitha izinkotha

Ukuthenga kwezinto ezinokubuyiselwa nokuproducwa okungenani kwezibhakabhaka zokuchitha izinkotha

Izibhakabhaka zokuchitha izinkotho zisuka kwezinkinga zokuphelela: ziyadlalwa ngemvelo yezinkomo ezenziwa kuma-forest eziqinisekisiwe ngamathuluzi amanji njenge-FSC® noma PEFC™—okuvumela ukuthi kwenziwe ngendlela engekhululekileyo, okusha kakhulu kunamandla angaphansi emhlabeni okusetyenziswa ekuphakanyiseni kwamaplastiki. Ukudlala kuyadinga amandla amancane ngalinye kulokho okukhulula kwe-polyethylene film, okubangela ukuthi kunezinhlobo zezindaba zokugcina izilwane zokuhlala phakathi. Amakhono amaningi asezingeni lezinkotho asebenza ngemikhono yezindawo zokugcina amanzi nezindawo zokusebenzisa amandla amabiyo, okunquma kakhulu ukungena kwezinhlobo zokugcina izilwane zokuhlala phakathi. Ngoba izihlahla zixhuma i-CO₂ xa zidla, izifibha ngalinye lezibhakabhaka zixhuma i-carbon ngalinye lwalokho okuhlanganisa. Ukukhetha izibhakabhaka zokuchitha zikuvumela ukuthi usebenzise indlela yokuthengisa eyahlukene ngamandla amanji nokunciphisa ukuthinteka kwezindawo zokuthengisa.

Isikhundla Sokugcina Isilwane Sokuhlala Phakathi Sengaphansi Kunezinye Iziphumo Zokuchitha Izinkotho Ngokwesikhundla Sokuchitha

Kwakwenzeka ngokuphelele kwezindawo zonke—kubukwa kwezinto ezibalulekileyo ezingaphansi kwezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo kusukela ekuthinteni kwamathambo okwesibonelo kuya kuzo zonke izinto ezibalulekileyo ezingaphansi kwezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo—izipaki zebhodla zezincwadi ziyagwala izigaba zesikhathi sokugwala kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwezinkulungwane zezigaba esingaphansi kwez......

Ukusebenza Kwesipaki Sezincwadi Kukusebenza Kwempilo

Ibhasi lokugcina amasipho kufanele libe nemisebenzi emihle, emithile, ngokuphathelene nokusebenza kwesikhathi esinye. Umkhawulo wokubalwa, ukuthi kungaba yilapho ekugcineni, ukuthinteka kwezibhamu, nokubalwa kokugcina kuyimiphumela yokuthi iphepha liyasebenza ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokusha, ubukhulu, nokuhlanzekile.

Umkhawulo Wokubalwa Nokugcina Ngaphandle Kokusha Kwemisebenzi Yokuchitha Amasipho

Amabhasi okugcina amasipho angempela ayagcina amasipho ngaphandle kokusha ukuze abonakale ngokusha, ngokwesandla esinye—kuyisidingo esikhulu emisebenzini eyinkulu njengezindawo zokuchitha amasipho noma emisebenzini yezindawo zokuchitha amasipho ngokusha. Ukuphuma kwezindawo zokugcina noma ukuphuma kwezindawo zokugcina kuyenza ukuthi kuzwakale, kuzwakale, nokuzwakale kwezindawo zokusebenza. Amasiko asezingeni zokugcina nezindawo zokugcina ezinamandla ziyagcina isimo sokugcina ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka, nangokuba kunezindawo eziningi zokugcina amasipho amaningi noma amakhnife. Ibhasi elinye elwenziwe ngapha kwezibhamu zokugcina zokugcina (70–100 gsm) libalwa ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene nokuthinteka ngokuphathelene......

Ukuhlanza Kwamandla Okukhanyayo Nezinkundla Zokusebenza

Kwizikhathi zokusebenza ngempela kwiservice yemithi yokudla, izipakhi zemithi yokuchitha zibonakala kuzo umoya ophakeme, ukuphakama kwamafutha, amaphuzu olwandle olunqumene noma ukubuka kwezinto ezinomthwalo okanye eziphansi kokushisa. Ibhedi engasolwanga izoba libe libe lincane kakhulu, ngakho abasebenzi bavalela isilayi sokuvikela ukuthi isilayi sokudla—noma, ngokungafanele, isilayi esincane sesiwakha—kulemva yezinye. Lokhu kuvikela ukuthi ubhedi akaboni amafutha noma ukuthi ubhedi akaboni amafutha ngaphandle kokukhathazeka kokuqhubeka komkhawulo wokugcina okanye ukususa kwezinye. Ukuzivikela kwezinye kubonisa ukuthi izipakhi zebhedi evalelwe zihlola kakhulu kunezinye zokubhala ngokuphelele emva kwezimini eziyisigqibo zokubona ngokuphelele kwezinye zokubhala. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ipakhi liyinhloko, liyinhloko, futhi liyinhloko yezinkundla zokusebenza—kodwa kuphela kwezinkundla zokusebenza ezinomthwalo apho izibhala nezifutha ziyisigqibo.

Ukuphatha Kwesilinganiso Sokuphela Kwezinto Nezinkundla Zokubuyela Kwezinto

Ukugcina Kwesilinganiso Sokuphela Kwezinto Ngendlela Yekhanda, Ukususa Kwesilinganiso Sokuphela Kwezinto, Nakuzisebenzisa Kabusha

Izibhanku zezincwadi zokusebenza kuzo zokuphatha izinkulungwane zokugcina umhlaba zinconywa ngamathathu amabili okuhlanganisa ukuthi kubhekwe phakathi kweminyaka yokuqeda. Kumaqondiswano okukhanyisa emkhakhweni—okuchazwa ngokuthi kuyisifundo sika-ASTM D6400 noma EN 13432—kuzoba kufa kabusha ngeminyaka yezinsuku ngokuphelele ngemikhawulo yokuqonda, umshumayeli, nokuthi kunezinhlobo zezilwane zokuphatha. Uma izibhanku aziphakanyiwe ngokuphakanyiswa, izindlela zokususa izincwadi zemitholobha ziyathola ngokushesha izibhanku ezingaphakanyiwe, kubonakalisa ukuthi izihlangothi ziyatholakala futhi ziyasebenziswa kabusha emaqondiswaneni amasha amasha. Abasebenzi nabasemtholobheni bangathola ukusetshenziswa kwezibhanku ezinkulu ngokusebenzisa kubo ukuthenga izintsha zezinto ezincane, izinto zokusebenza emsebenzini, noma izinto zokudlala. Ukuthola lezi zinconywa, izindikimela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha kuzo kuzoba kubalulekile—kubonakalisa abasebenzi kumkhawulo owodwa. Uma kubonakaliswa nezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuzo zokuphatha okuphakathi kwezindlela zokususa kuz......

Ukuphelele kwezindaba zokuphatha izinkulungwane zokugcina umhlaba noma ukuthi kuyisifundo sokuphatha izinkulungwane zokugcina umhlaba

Izibhaguli zokuchitha kufanele zifanele nezimboni ezinkulu zokugcina izinkambo zokudla ukuze zinike izinhlangano zokuphatha izinkambo zokudla nesikhundla sokuhlinzekile kwezomnotho. KwaMeyrika, i-FDA iyabika ukuthi kufanele kubhekwe ngokulinganiswe kwe-21 CFR 176.170 (kubizwa ngokwesikhathi sokudla esihlukene nasezinye izinkambo zokudla) kanye ne-176.180 (kubizwa ngokwesikhathi sokudla esihlukene); kwe-EU, i-Regulation (EC) No 1935/2004 ibhekisa konke okubhekwa ngokwesikhathi sokudla, ibiza ukuthi kufanele kwenziwe ukuzilungiselela kwezinkambo futhi kubhekwe ngokulinganiswe kwezinhlobo zezinkambo eziphathelene nesikhathi sokudla. Izicertifikethi ezijabuliswa ngokujulile emhlabeni wonke—kunye ne-BRCGS Packaging Materials kanye ne-ISO 22000—zibonisa ukuthi abahlinzeki bakhusele amandla okuhlinzekile kwezinkambo kanye nezinhlangano zokuphatha izinkambo. Ukuze izibhaguli zibe zokudla, kufanele zihlinzekwe kusuka kwezinkambo zokudla zokwakhiwa (ukungafani nokuthi kubhekwe ngokulinganiswe kwezinkambo ezihlinzekwe), zibhishwe ngamakhadi angavuthi kanye nezinkambo ezihlinzekile kwezinkambo zokudla, futhi zihlakazwe ngamakhadi okudla. Isibhaguli sokuthi isibhaguli siyakhiwa ngokulinganiswe (sokuthi kufanele kubhekwe ngokulinganiswe kwe-EU) kufanele kubekwe kuleli sikhathi sokuzilungiselela. Lezi zinhlangano zinikela ukuthi izibhaguli zokuchitha zonke zibe zokudla kanye nezokuhlakaza kwezinkambo zokudla ngokushesha kwezinkambo zokudla ngokwesikhathi sokusebenza.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa

Izinto zokuchitha ezisemaphapatheni ziyakhiwa ngani?
Izinto zokuchitha ezisemaphapatheni ziyakhiwa kusuka emaphapatheni okwesibhakabhaka esisuswe emithi ethile ephakanyiswe ngamandla amabili aseFSC® nasePEFC™.

Ukuhlukanisa ukuthi izinto zokuchitha ezisemaphapatheni zinokubangela kanjani imiphumela yezinye izinto zokuchitha ezisemaphapatheni ngokulingana nezinto zokuchitha zesilika?
Izinto zokuchitha ezisemaphapatheni ziyakha ngokuvamile i-ghreenhouse gas emissions ngokuphakeme kwe-30% ngaphansi kwesikhathi sakho sokuphila ngokulingana nezinto zokuchitha zesilika. Zihlukumeza ngokuzenzakalelayo ngeminyaka emibili, ngakho akukho isilika esingasiza ngokuzenzakalelayo ngeminyaka engu-100.

Izinto zokuchitha ezisemaphapatheni ziyinkimbinkimbi futhi ziyakhuluma ngokuphelele kwezilwane?
Yebo, izinto zokuchitha ezisemaphapatheni zanamuhla ziyakhiwa ngokusebenzisa izikrini zokugcina umsindo noma izilayi zewax ethula ukuthi izilwane nezilwane zizofika kuzo, zibuyisela ubukhulu bazo nobukhulu bokusebenza, nakwezindawo eziphakeme kanye nezindawo eziphakeme kakhulu.

Ngokwenzeka kahle ukuthi izinto zokuchitha ezisemaphapatheni ziyakwazi ukuthi zihlakazwe?
Yebo, izinto zokuchitha ezisemaphapatheni azizange zihlakazwe ngokuphelele ziyakwazi ukuthi zihlakazwe ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuhlakaza izinto zemaphapatheni ezisebenzayo emazweni. Kungakwazi ukuthi zihlakazwe ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuhlakaza izinto zemaphapatheni noma zihlakazwe ngokusebenzisa izindlela zokuhlakaza izinto zemaphapatheni zokufaka izinto zemaphapatheni ezincane.

Izinto zokuchitha ezisemaphapatheni ziyakwazi ukuthi zibe yizinto zokudla?
Yebo, bafakazela imithwalo eyodwa yokusebenza nempilo ephakanyisiweyo eshicilelwe ngamaphoyisa njenge-FDA emaStateni aYunited kanye ne-Regulation yase-EU (EC) No 1935/2004. Bayetshiswa kusuka kwe-pulp engenakho ukuthi yisibonelo kanye sebenzisa izinkomo ezingenakho ukuthi zibe nemithwalo yempilo.